Planar/printed antennas offer good solutions for the above class of problem. As antenna dimensions are governed by wavelength of operating frequency, antenna miniaturization is a challenging and difficult task. To accomplish this, small and lightweight antennas which cover wide bandwidth without much degradation in their performance are required to be designed and realized.
In today’s modern communication systems, miniaturized and lightweight subsystems covering broad bandwidth are in much demand as they lead to realization of very compact and lightweight systems. The recent explosion in information technology and wireless communications has created many opportunities for enhancing the performance of existing signal transmission and processing systems and has provided a strong motivation for developing novel antenna structure for systems that require wider bandwidths and higher data transmission. The proposed Vivaldi antenna is used for digital data transmission via satellites and for voice/audio transmissions. The radiation pattern measurements are carried out in anechoic chamber. VSWR less than 3:1 is achieved over the band from 8 to 18 GHz. The antenna’s input impedance characteristic is measured in the form of S-parameter and VSWR using Vector network analyzer. Finally, the design is physically fabricated using PCB technology for carrying out practical measurement. The optimal value for taper length is 6.86455 cm and cavity diameter is 1.582 cm. Later, it is simulated using a 3D EM simulation software, CST Microwave StudioTM. The antenna is first designed using conventional theoretical approaches. Using double cavity, the miniaturization of antenna is possible as compared to single cavity Vivaldi antenna. The comparison of antenna performance for single cavity and double cavity is also reported. A printed podal Vivaldi antenna with single as well as double cavities fed with strip line transmission line and operating from X band to KU band (8–18 GHz) is proposed.
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